Parasitic diseases
General Description: Diseases caused by parasites (worms, insects, ticks, blood parasites, etc.) are called parasitic diseases.
Thus parasites can also be divided into internal and external parasites. Internal parasites are located in the owner's internal organs, and the outer ones are located on the outside of the owner's body.
The most common of the parasitic diseases which are spread in Armenia are:
• Fasciolosis
• Echinococcosis
• Monieziosis
• Dicrocoeliosis
• Neoascaridosis
• Babesiosis (a parasitic blood disease)
• Thelaziosis
• Hypodermatosis, etc.
The parasitic diseases of cattle and small ruminants are mostly prevalent in the Republic of Armenia.
• Ticks
• Anoplura, Siphunculata, etc.
Economic losses. Parasitic diseases of the cattle and small ruminants can cause great economic damage to your livestock economy, in particular: adversely affect animal nutrition (meat and milk quantity reduction).
As the parasites, both internal and external, are fed at the expense of the animal organism, some of the feed produced by the animal is spent on feeding the parasites, the animal's growth slows, and lactation declines. Huge funds are being spent to feed and care for the animals, but the result does not justify the investment made. Most parasitic diseases are subclinical (undetected).
The disease results in animal productivity and workability loss, slow growth and slow development of young animals.
• Negatively affect the quality of animal production, especially their nutritional value (eating such production causes allergies, poisoning, etc.), and certain types of secondary raw materials are not generally processed (leather, intestines, etc.). As a result of several very common parasitic diseases, the internal organs of the slaughtered animals are defective (echinococcosis, fasciolosis), and in some cases the entire meat (trichinellosis, cysticercosis (of cattle and pigs) is destroyed.
• Negatively affect the reproductive function of the animal. As a result of several parasitic diseases, such as covering sickness, toxoplasmosis, etc., the animals are severely depressed, and sometimes the reproductive functions of animals cease to exist, in the result of which the miscarriages occur or the weak animals are born.
• Some parasitic diseases (fasciolosis, monesiosis, swine ascaridosis, etc) also cause large-scale animal die-offs.
• Significant financial resources are spent each year to treat and prevent parasitic diseases. In the case of disease prevention failure, the farmer has a greater financial loss.
• Risk of transmitting the disease from animal to human. Some parasitic diseases are of social importance as they are maybe transmitted from animals to humans (anthropozoonosis).
Influence of parasites on the owner's body. As already mentioned, parasitic diseases adversely affect the overall health of the animal. This is due to the negative effects of the parasites, in particular:
• Nutritional effects on the owner's body are the main characteristic of the parasite, that is, it eats at the expense of the owner;
• As a result of the parasite's vital activity, they cause toxic and allergic effects on animals.Living and eating in the animal's body, the parasites excrete residues that are toxic to the animal
• Mechanical impact. parasites that are located in the internal organs, their cavities or tissues, in their presence, mechanically disrupt the integrity of the organs (for example, parasites can be located in the intestines, bile ducts, disrupt the normal functioning of these organs and cause the animal's death).
• Signs of hemolytic anemia as a result of mass poisoning of blood-borne insects on animals.
Importing effect, when parasites bring with them infectious and other parasitic diseases, by infecting the animal.
Small ruminants and cattle monieziosis
Measures to prevent ticks spreading
Non-communicable diseases of farm animals